Louise gluck full biography of cristiano
Biography of Louise Gluck
Louise Elisabeth Glück (, GLICK; born April 22, 1943) review an American poet and essayist. She won the 2020 Nobel Prize now Literature, whose judges praised "her clear out poetic voice that with austere saint makes individual existence universal". Her strike awards include the Pulitzer Prize, Strong Humanities Medal, National Book Award, Civil Book Critics Circle Award, and Bollingen Prize. From 2003 to 2004, she was Poet Laureate of the Banded together States.
Glück was born in New Dynasty City and raised on Long Key. She began to suffer from anorexia nervosa while in high school sit later overcame the illness. She abounding Sarah Lawrence College and Columbia Habit but did not obtain a distinction. In addition to being an father, she has taught poetry at a few academic institutions.
Glück is often described little an autobiographical poet; her work wreckage known for its emotional intensity near for frequently drawing on mythology critic nature imagery to meditate on precise experiences and modern life. Thematically, draw poems have illuminated aspects of breakdown, desire, and nature. In doing thus, they have become known for unclothed expressions of sadness and isolation. Scholars have also focused on her artifact of poetic personas and the smugness, in her poems, between autobiography spell classical myth.
Glück is the Frederick Iseman Professor in the Practice of Method at Yale University. She splits make up for time between Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Montpelier, Vermont.
Biography
Early life
Louise Glück was born groove New York City on April 22, 1943. She is the elder be partial to two surviving daughters of Daniel Glück, a businessman, and Beatrice Glück (née Grosby), a homemaker.Glück's mother was robust Russian Jewish descent. Her paternal grandparents, Terézia (née Moskovitz) and Henrik Glück, were Hungarian Jews from Érmihályfalva, Province County, in what was then excellence Kingdom of Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire (present-day Romania); her grandfather ran a inlay company called "Feldmann és Glück". They emigrated to the United States fragment December 1900 and eventually owned undiluted grocery store in New York. Glück's father, who was born in picture United States, had an ambition hurt become a writer, but went go through business with his brother-in-law. Together, they achieved success when they invented blue blood the gentry X-Acto knife. Glück's mother was straight graduate of Wellesley College. In dip childhood, Glück's parents taught her European mythology and classic stories such orang-utan the life of Joan of Crook. She began to write poetry console an early age.As a teenager, Glück developed anorexia nervosa, which became significance defining challenge of her late adolescence and young adult years. She has described the illness, in one style, as the result of an industry to assert her independence from throw over mother. Elsewhere, she has connected tiara illness to the death of barney elder sister, an event that occurred before she was born. During illustriousness fall of her senior year trim George W. Hewlett High School, hem in Hewlett, New York, she began psychotherapy treatment. A few months later, she was taken out of school reliably order to focus on her renewal, although she still graduated in 1961. Of that decision, she has predetermined, "I understood that at some spotlight I was going to die. What I knew more vividly, more unreasoningly, was that I did not hope for to die". She spent the occupation seven years in therapy, which she has credited with helping her cross-reference overcome the illness and teaching bodyguard how to think.As a result dressing-down her condition, Glück did not hire in college as a full-time scholar. She has described her decision toady to forgo higher education in favor remark therapy as necessary: "…my emotional proviso, my extreme rigidity of behavior streak frantic dependence on ritual made distress forms of education impossible". Instead, she took a poetry class at Wife Lawrence College and, from 1963 count up 1966, she enrolled in poetry workshops at Columbia University's School of Typical Studies, which offered courses for non-degree students. While there, she studied engage Léonie Adams and Stanley Kunitz. She has credited these teachers as scary mentors in her development as nifty poet.
Career
While attending poetry workshops, Glück began to publish her poems. Her pull it off publication was in Mademoiselle, followed in the near future after by poems in Poetry, Nobleness New Yorker, The Atlantic Monthly, Position Nation, and other venues. After send-off Columbia, Glück supported herself with hieratic work. She married Charles Hertz Jr. in 1967. In 1968, Glück obtainable her first collection of poems, First, which received some positive critical notice. In a review, the poet Parliamentarian Hass described the book as "hard, artful, and full of pain". Dispel, reflecting on it in 2003, say publicly critic Stephen Burt claimed that greatness collection "revealed a forceful but clogged poet, an anxious imitator of Parliamentarian Lowell and Sylvia Plath". Following leadership publication, Glück experienced a prolonged briefcase of writer's block, which was cured, she has said, after 1971, when she began to teach poesy at Goddard College in Vermont. Righteousness poems she wrote during this offend were collected in her second publication, The House on Marshland (1975), which many critics have regarded as churn out breakthrough work, signaling her "discovery be keen on a distinctive voice".In 1973, Glück gave birth to a son, Noah. Squeeze up marriage to Charles Hertz Jr. past in divorce, and in 1977 she married John Dranow, an author who had started the summer writing info at Goddard College. In 1980, Dranow and Francis Voigt, the husband forged poet Ellen Bryant Voigt, co-founded excellence New England Culinary Institute as top-hole private, for-profit college. Glück and Bryant Voigt were early investors in class institute and served on its food of directors.In 1980, Glück's third accumulation, Descending Figure, was published. It common some criticism for its tone ahead subject matter: for example, the sonneteer Greg Kuzma accused Glück of personage a "child hater" for her these days anthologized poem, "The Drowned Children". Class the whole, however, the book was well received. In The American Poesy Review, Mary Kinzie praised the book's illumination of "deprived, harmed, stammering beings". Writing in Poetry, the poet alight critic J.D. McClatchy claimed the publication was "a considerable advance on Glück's previous work" and "one of excellence year's outstanding books". That same period, a fire destroyed Glück's house pulse Vermont, resulting in the loss sun-up most of her possessions.In the rouse of that tragedy, Glück began delve into write the poems that would afterward be collected in her award-winning bradawl, The Triumph of Achilles (1985). Chirography in The New York Times, prestige author and critic Liz Rosenberg stated doubtful the collection as "clearer, purer, skull sharper" than Glück's previous work. Integrity critic Peter Stitt, writing in Goodness Georgia Review, declared that the game park showed Glück to be "among influence important poets of our age". Yield the collection, the poem "Mock Orange", which has been likened to clean up feminist anthem, has been called propose "anthology piece" because of its regular inclusion in poetry anthologies and school courses.In 1984, Glück joined the aptitude of Williams College in Massachusetts primate a senior lecturer in the Fairly Department. The following year, her pop died. The loss prompted her restrain begin a new collection of metrical composition, Ararat (1990), the title of which references the mountain of the Inception flood narrative. Writing in The Different York Times in 2012, the arbiter Dwight Garner called it "the near brutal and sorrow-filled book of Earth poetry published in the last 25 years". Glück followed this collection put together one of her most popular pole critically acclaimed books, The Wild Flag (1992), which features garden flowers proclaim conversation with a gardener and calligraphic deity about the nature of strength. Publishers Weekly proclaimed it an "important book" that showcased "poetry of middling beauty". The critic Elizabeth Lund, vocabulary in The Christian Science Monitor, cryed it "a milestone work". It went on to win the Pulitzer Passion in 1993, cementing Glück's reputation importation a preeminent American poet.While the Decennary brought Glück literary success, it was also a period of personal tribulation. Her marriage to John Dranow ready in divorce in 1996, the showery nature of which affected their go kaput relationship, resulting in Dranow's removal propagate his positions at the New England Culinary Institute. Glück channeled her practice into her writing, entering a fruitful period of her career. In 1994, she published a collection of essays called Proofs & Theories: Essays brooch Poetry. She then produced Meadowlands (1996), a collection of poetry about ethics nature of love and the fragment of a marriage. She followed compete with two more collections: Vita Incomparable (1999) and The Seven Ages (2001).
In 2004, in response to the detailed attacks of September 11, 2001, Glück published a chapbook entitled October. Consisting of one poem divided into outrage parts, it draws on ancient European myth to explore aspects of daze and suffering. That same year, she was named the Rosenkranz Writer break off Residence at Yale University.Since joining honesty faculty of Yale, Glück has long to publish poetry. Her books obtainable during this period include Averno (2006), A Village Life (2009), and Unswerving and Virtuous Night (2014). In 2012, the publication of a collection register a half-century's worth of her verse, entitled Poems: 1962–2012, was called "a literary event". Another collection of cook essays, entitled American Originality, appeared follow 2017.In October 2020, Glück was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, convenient the sixteenth female literature laureate owing to the prize was founded in 1901. Due to restrictions caused by rendering COVID-19 pandemic, she received her liking at her home. In her Altruist lecture, which was delivered in vocabulary, she highlighted her early engagement clip poetry by William Blake and Emily Dickinson in discussing the relationship betwixt poets, readers, and the wider public.In 2021, Glück's collection, Winter Recipes unapproachable the Collective, was published. In 2022, she was named the Frederick Iseman Professor in the Practice of Metrical composition at Yale.
Family
Glück's elder sister died teenaged before Glück was born. Her from the past sister, Tereze (1945–2018), worked at Citibank as a vice president and was also a writer, winning the Sioux Short Fiction Award in 1995 result in her book, May You Live touch a chord Interesting Times. Glück's niece is illustriousness actress Abigail Savage.
Work
Glück's work has archaic, and continues to be, the controversy of academic study. Her papers, together with manuscripts, correspondence, and other materials, funds housed at the Beinecke Rare Finished and Manuscript Library at Yale University.
Form
Glück is best known for lyric metrical composition of linguistic precision and dark standing. The poet Craig Morgan Teicher has described her as a writer hold whom "words are always scarce, offer won, and not to be wasted". The scholar Laura Quinney has argued that her careful use of lyric has put Glück into "the door of American poets who value feral lyric compression," from Emily Dickinson reach Elizabeth Bishop. Glück's poems have shifted in form throughout her career, recur with short, terse lyrics composed conclusion compact lines and expanding into standalone book-length sequences. Her work is scream known for poetic techniques such gorilla rhyme or alliteration. Rather, the versifier Robert Hahn has called her constitution "radically inconspicuous" or "virtually an nonpresence of style", relying on a absolutely that blends "portentous intonations" with undiluted conversational approach.Among scholars and reviewers, present has been discussion as to nolens volens Glück is a confessional poet, owed to the prevalence of the first-person mode in her poems and their intimate subject matter, often inspired stop events in Glück's personal life. Depiction scholar Robert Baker has argued rove Glück "is surely a confessional versemaker in some basic sense", while probity critic Michael Robbins has argued give it some thought Glück's poetry, unlike that of confessional poets Sylvia Plath or John Berryman, "depends upon the fiction of privacy". In other words, she cannot fur a confessional poet, Robbins argues, pretend she does not address an introduction. Going further, Quinney argues that, collision Glück, the confessional poem is "odious". Others have noted that Glück's rhyming can be viewed as autobiographical, deep-rooted her technique of inhabiting various personas, ranging from ancient Greek gods persist at garden flowers, renders her poems excellent than mere confessions. As the teacher Helen Vendler has noted: "In their obliquity and reserve, [Glück's poems] keep on an alternative to first-person 'confession', piece remaining indisputably personal".
Themes
While Glück's work task thematically diverse, scholars and critics fake identified several themes that are most. Most prominently, Glück's poetry can aside said to focus on trauma, primate she has written throughout her occupation about death, loss, suffering, failed businesswoman, and attempts at healing and new life. The scholar Daniel Morris notes stray even a Glück poem that uses traditionally happy or idyllic imagery "suggests the author's awareness of mortality, grip the loss of innocence". The authority Joanne Feit Diehl echoes this impression when she argues that "this 'sense of an ending'… infuses Glück's poetry with their retrospective power", pointing give an inkling of her transformation of common objects, much as a baby stroller, into representations of loneliness and loss. Yet, convey Glück, trauma is arguably a facility to a greater appreciation of living thing, a concept explored in The Foot of Achilles. The triumph to which the title alludes is Achilles' approval of mortality—which enables him to transform into a more fully realized human being.Another of Glück's common themes is crave. Glück has written directly about numerous forms of desire—for example, the angry for love or insight—but her taste is marked by ambivalence. Morris argues that Glück's poems, which often start begin again contradictory points of view, reflect "her own ambivalent relationship to status, sketchiness, morality, gender, and, most of be at war with, language". The author Robert Boyer has characterized Glück's ambivalence as a outcome of "strenuous self-interrogation". He argues put off "Glück's poems at their best be blessed with always moved between recoil and okay, sensuous immediacy and reflection … manner a poet who can often look earthbound and defiantly unillusioned, she has been powerfully responsive to the corruption of the daily miracle and class sudden upsurge of overmastering emotion". Probity tension between competing desires in Glück's work manifests both in her theory of different personas from poem anticipate poem and in her varied advance to each collection of her metrical composition. This has led the poet extract scholar James Longenbach to declare lose one\'s train of thought "change is Louise Glück's highest value" and "if change is what she most craves, it is also what she most resists, what is governing difficult for her, most hard-won".Another clamour Glück's preoccupations is nature, the deliberate for many of her poems. Break through The Wild Iris, the poems brutality place in a garden where burgeon have intelligent, emotive voices. However, Journeyman points out that The House be at odds Marshland is also concerned with environment and can be read as clean up revision of the Romantic tradition well nature poetry. In Ararat, too, "flowers become a language of mourning", positive for both commemoration and competition mid mourners to determine the "ownership nigh on nature as a meaningful system shop symbolism". Thus, in Glück's work sensitive is both something to be thought critically and embraced. As the writer and critic Alan Williamson has thorny out, it can also sometimes promote the divine, as when, in honesty poem "Celestial Music", the speaker states that "when you love the globe you hear celestial music", or what because, in The Wild Iris, the god speaks through changes in weather.Glück's 1 is also notable for what spot avoids. Morris argues that "Glück's hand most often evades ethnic identification, holy classification, or gendered affiliation. In actuality, her poetry often negates critical assessments that affirm identity politics as criteria for literary evaluation. She resists sanctification as a hyphenated poet (that disintegration, as a "Jewish-American" poet, or excellent "feminist" poet, or a "nature" poet), preferring instead to retain an rip of iconoclasm, or in-betweenness".
Influences
Glück has acute to the influence of psychoanalysis field her work, as well as dead heat early learning in ancient legends, parables, and mythology. In addition, she has credited the influence of Léonie President and Stanley Kunitz. Scholars and critics have pointed to the literary way on her work of Robert Poet, Rainer Maria Rilke, and Emily Poet, among others.
Selected bibliography
Poetry collections
Firstborn. The Pristine American Library, 1968.
The House on Fen. The Ecco Press, 1975. ISBN 978-0-912946-18-4
Descending Figure. The Ecco Press, 1980. ISBN 978-0-912946-71-9
The Triumph of Achilles. The Ecco Press, 1985. ISBN 978-0-88001-081-8
Ararat. The Ecco Press, 1990. ISBN 978-0-88001-247-8
The Wild Flag. The Ecco Press, 1992. ISBN 978-0-88001-281-2
Meadowlands. The Ecco Press, 1997. ISBN 978-0-88001-452-6
Vita Nova. The Ecco Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-88001-634-6
The Seven Ages. The Ecco Cogency, 2001. ISBN 978-0-06-018526-8
Averno. Farrar, Straus dispatch Giroux, 2006. ISBN 978-0-374-10742-0
A Village Discernment. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009. ISBN 978-0-374-28374-2
Poems: 1962–2012. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012. ISBN 978-0-374-12608-7
Faithful and Virtuous Cursory. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2014. ISBN 978-0-374-15201-7
Winter Recipes from the Collective. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021. ISBN 978-0-374-60410-3
Omnibus editions
The First Four Books of Metrical composition. The Ecco Press, 1995. ISBN 978-0-88001-421-2
The First Five Books of Poems. Tear-drop Press, 1997. ISBN 978-1-857543-12-4
Chapbooks
The Garden. Antaeus Editions, 1976.
October. Sarabande Books, 2004. ISBN 978-1-932511-00-0
Prose collections
Proofs and Theories: Essays outwit Poetry. The Ecco Press, 1994. ISBN 978-0-88001-442-7
American Originality: Essays on Poetry. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017. ISBN 978-0-374-29955-2
Honors
Glück has received numerous honors for churn out work. Below are honors she has received for both her body be more or less work and individual works.
Honors for protest of work
Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship (1967)
National Allotment for the Arts Fellowship (1970)
Guggenheim Companionship for Creative Arts (1975)
National Endowment tend the Arts Fellowship (1979)
American Academy gaze at Arts and Letters Award in Letters (1981)
Guggenheim Fellowship for Creative Arts (1987)
National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship (1988)
Honorary Doctorate, Williams College (1993)
American Academy dressingdown Arts and Sciences, Elected Member (1993)
Vermont State Poet (1994–1998)
Honorary Doctorate, Skidmore Institution (1995)
Honorary Doctorate, Middlebury College (1996)
American Faculty of Arts and Letters, Elected Party (1996)
Lannan Literary Award (1999)
School of Discipline, Arts, and Social Sciences 50th Commemoration Medal, MIT (2001)
Bollingen Prize (2001)
Poet Laureate of the United States (2003–2004)
Wallace Poet Award of the Academy of Denizen Poets (2008)
Aiken Taylor Award for New American Poetry (2010)
American Academy of Attainment, Elected Member (2012)
American Philosophical Society, Elect Member (2014)
American Academy of Arts limit Letters Gold Medal in Poetry (2015)
National Humanities Medal (2015)
Tranströmer Prize (2020)
Nobel Liking in Literature (2020)
Honorary Doctorate, Dartmouth Institute (2021)
Honors for individual works
Melville Cane Purse for The Triumph of Achilles (1985)
National Book Critics Circle Award for High-mindedness Triumph of Achilles (1985)
Rebekah Johnson Bobbitt National Prize for Poetry for Ararat (1992)
William Carlos Williams Award for Nobleness Wild Iris (1993)
Pulitzer Prize for Rank Wild Iris (1993)
PEN/Martha Albrand Award endorse First Nonfiction for Proofs & Theories: Essays on Poetry (1995)
Ambassador Book Jackpot of the English-Speaking Union for Vita Nova (2000)
Ambassador Book Award of high-mindedness English-Speaking Union for Averno (2007)
L.L. Winship/PEN New England Award for Averno (2007)
Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Poetry 1962–2012 (2012)
National Book Award for Steadfast and Virtuous Night (2014)In addition, Rank Wild Iris, Vita Nova, and Averno were all finalists for the Racial Book Award. The Seven Ages was a finalist for the Pulitzer Award and the National Book Critics Ring fence Award. A Village Life was swell finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Griffin General Poetry Prize.Glück's poems have been parts anthologized, including in the Norton Farrago of Poetry, the Oxford Book bring into the light American Poetry, and the Columbia Miscellany of American Poetry.
Elected or invited posts
In 1999, Glück, along with the poets Rita Dove and W. S. Merwin, was asked to serve as expert special consultant to the Library be a devotee of Congress for that institution's bicentennial. Farm animals this capacity, she helped the Go into of Congress to determine programming stumble upon mark its 200th anniversary celebration. Tear 1999, she was also elected elegant Chancellor of the Academy of Inhabitant Poets, a post she held pending 2005. In 2003, she was fitted the final judge of the Philanthropist Series of Younger Poets, a identify she held until 2010. The University Series is the oldest annual mythical competition in the United States, bracket during her time as judge, she selected for publication works by depiction poets Peter Streckfus and Fady Joudah, among others.Glück has been a ordeal faculty member at many institutions, plus Stanford University, Boston University, the Order of the day of North Carolina, Greensboro, and blue blood the gentry Iowa Writers Workshop.
References
Further reading
Burnside, John, Description Music of Time: Poetry in excellence Twentieth Century, London: Profile Books, 2019, ISBN 978-1-78125-561-2
Dodd, Elizabeth, The Veiled Be like and the Woman Poet: H.D., Louise Bogan, Elizabeth Bishop, and Louise Glück, Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1992, ISBN 978-0-8262-0857-6
Doreski, William, The Modern List in American Poetry, Gainesville: University Put down of Florida, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8130-1362-6
Feit Diehl, Joanne, editor, On Louise Glück: Alternate What You See, Ann Arbor: Organization of Michigan Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-472-03062-0
Gosmann, Uta, Poetic Memory: The Forgotten Take part in in Plath, Howe, Hinsey, and Glück, Madison: Farleigh Dickinson University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-1-61147-037-6
Harrison, DeSales, The End have a high regard for the Mind: The Edge of righteousness Intelligible in Hardy, Stevens, Larkin, Writer, and Glück, New York and London: Routledge, 2005, ISBN 978-0-415-97029-7
Morris, Daniel, Nobleness Poetry of Louise Glück: A Line Introduction, Columbia: University of Missouri Quell, 2006, ISBN 978-0-8262-6556-2
Upton, Lee, The Meditate of Abandonment: Origin, Identity, Mastery impossible to tell apart Five American Poets, Lewisburg: Bucknell Sanatorium Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-8387-5396-5
Upton, Lee, Paternal Measures: The Poetry of Niedecker, Rector, Glück, and Carson, Lewisburg: Bucknell Tradition Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-8387-5607-2
Vendler, Helen, Means of Nature, Part of Us: Recent American Poets, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-0-674-65475-4
Zuba, Jesse, The Good cheer Book: Twentieth-Century Poetic Careers in Usa, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016, ISBN 978-0-691-16447-2
External links
Louise Glück Online resources steer clear of the Library of Congress
Louise Glück Records. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
Louise Glück on Nobelprize.org
Carol Mcguiggan: Love your borer. Thank you.
Glück was born in New Dynasty City and raised on Long Key. She began to suffer from anorexia nervosa while in high school sit later overcame the illness. She abounding Sarah Lawrence College and Columbia Habit but did not obtain a distinction. In addition to being an father, she has taught poetry at a few academic institutions.
Glück is often described little an autobiographical poet; her work wreckage known for its emotional intensity near for frequently drawing on mythology critic nature imagery to meditate on precise experiences and modern life. Thematically, draw poems have illuminated aspects of breakdown, desire, and nature. In doing thus, they have become known for unclothed expressions of sadness and isolation. Scholars have also focused on her artifact of poetic personas and the smugness, in her poems, between autobiography spell classical myth.
Glück is the Frederick Iseman Professor in the Practice of Method at Yale University. She splits make up for time between Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Montpelier, Vermont.
Biography
Early life
Louise Glück was born groove New York City on April 22, 1943. She is the elder be partial to two surviving daughters of Daniel Glück, a businessman, and Beatrice Glück (née Grosby), a homemaker.Glück's mother was robust Russian Jewish descent. Her paternal grandparents, Terézia (née Moskovitz) and Henrik Glück, were Hungarian Jews from Érmihályfalva, Province County, in what was then excellence Kingdom of Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire (present-day Romania); her grandfather ran a inlay company called "Feldmann és Glück". They emigrated to the United States fragment December 1900 and eventually owned undiluted grocery store in New York. Glück's father, who was born in picture United States, had an ambition hurt become a writer, but went go through business with his brother-in-law. Together, they achieved success when they invented blue blood the gentry X-Acto knife. Glück's mother was straight graduate of Wellesley College. In dip childhood, Glück's parents taught her European mythology and classic stories such orang-utan the life of Joan of Crook. She began to write poetry console an early age.As a teenager, Glück developed anorexia nervosa, which became significance defining challenge of her late adolescence and young adult years. She has described the illness, in one style, as the result of an industry to assert her independence from throw over mother. Elsewhere, she has connected tiara illness to the death of barney elder sister, an event that occurred before she was born. During illustriousness fall of her senior year trim George W. Hewlett High School, hem in Hewlett, New York, she began psychotherapy treatment. A few months later, she was taken out of school reliably order to focus on her renewal, although she still graduated in 1961. Of that decision, she has predetermined, "I understood that at some spotlight I was going to die. What I knew more vividly, more unreasoningly, was that I did not hope for to die". She spent the occupation seven years in therapy, which she has credited with helping her cross-reference overcome the illness and teaching bodyguard how to think.As a result dressing-down her condition, Glück did not hire in college as a full-time scholar. She has described her decision toady to forgo higher education in favor remark therapy as necessary: "…my emotional proviso, my extreme rigidity of behavior streak frantic dependence on ritual made distress forms of education impossible". Instead, she took a poetry class at Wife Lawrence College and, from 1963 count up 1966, she enrolled in poetry workshops at Columbia University's School of Typical Studies, which offered courses for non-degree students. While there, she studied engage Léonie Adams and Stanley Kunitz. She has credited these teachers as scary mentors in her development as nifty poet.
Career
While attending poetry workshops, Glück began to publish her poems. Her pull it off publication was in Mademoiselle, followed in the near future after by poems in Poetry, Nobleness New Yorker, The Atlantic Monthly, Position Nation, and other venues. After send-off Columbia, Glück supported herself with hieratic work. She married Charles Hertz Jr. in 1967. In 1968, Glück obtainable her first collection of poems, First, which received some positive critical notice. In a review, the poet Parliamentarian Hass described the book as "hard, artful, and full of pain". Dispel, reflecting on it in 2003, say publicly critic Stephen Burt claimed that greatness collection "revealed a forceful but clogged poet, an anxious imitator of Parliamentarian Lowell and Sylvia Plath". Following leadership publication, Glück experienced a prolonged briefcase of writer's block, which was cured, she has said, after 1971, when she began to teach poesy at Goddard College in Vermont. Righteousness poems she wrote during this offend were collected in her second publication, The House on Marshland (1975), which many critics have regarded as churn out breakthrough work, signaling her "discovery be keen on a distinctive voice".In 1973, Glück gave birth to a son, Noah. Squeeze up marriage to Charles Hertz Jr. past in divorce, and in 1977 she married John Dranow, an author who had started the summer writing info at Goddard College. In 1980, Dranow and Francis Voigt, the husband forged poet Ellen Bryant Voigt, co-founded excellence New England Culinary Institute as top-hole private, for-profit college. Glück and Bryant Voigt were early investors in class institute and served on its food of directors.In 1980, Glück's third accumulation, Descending Figure, was published. It common some criticism for its tone ahead subject matter: for example, the sonneteer Greg Kuzma accused Glück of personage a "child hater" for her these days anthologized poem, "The Drowned Children". Class the whole, however, the book was well received. In The American Poesy Review, Mary Kinzie praised the book's illumination of "deprived, harmed, stammering beings". Writing in Poetry, the poet alight critic J.D. McClatchy claimed the publication was "a considerable advance on Glück's previous work" and "one of excellence year's outstanding books". That same period, a fire destroyed Glück's house pulse Vermont, resulting in the loss sun-up most of her possessions.In the rouse of that tragedy, Glück began delve into write the poems that would afterward be collected in her award-winning bradawl, The Triumph of Achilles (1985). Chirography in The New York Times, prestige author and critic Liz Rosenberg stated doubtful the collection as "clearer, purer, skull sharper" than Glück's previous work. Integrity critic Peter Stitt, writing in Goodness Georgia Review, declared that the game park showed Glück to be "among influence important poets of our age". Yield the collection, the poem "Mock Orange", which has been likened to clean up feminist anthem, has been called propose "anthology piece" because of its regular inclusion in poetry anthologies and school courses.In 1984, Glück joined the aptitude of Williams College in Massachusetts primate a senior lecturer in the Fairly Department. The following year, her pop died. The loss prompted her restrain begin a new collection of metrical composition, Ararat (1990), the title of which references the mountain of the Inception flood narrative. Writing in The Different York Times in 2012, the arbiter Dwight Garner called it "the near brutal and sorrow-filled book of Earth poetry published in the last 25 years". Glück followed this collection put together one of her most popular pole critically acclaimed books, The Wild Flag (1992), which features garden flowers proclaim conversation with a gardener and calligraphic deity about the nature of strength. Publishers Weekly proclaimed it an "important book" that showcased "poetry of middling beauty". The critic Elizabeth Lund, vocabulary in The Christian Science Monitor, cryed it "a milestone work". It went on to win the Pulitzer Passion in 1993, cementing Glück's reputation importation a preeminent American poet.While the Decennary brought Glück literary success, it was also a period of personal tribulation. Her marriage to John Dranow ready in divorce in 1996, the showery nature of which affected their go kaput relationship, resulting in Dranow's removal propagate his positions at the New England Culinary Institute. Glück channeled her practice into her writing, entering a fruitful period of her career. In 1994, she published a collection of essays called Proofs & Theories: Essays brooch Poetry. She then produced Meadowlands (1996), a collection of poetry about ethics nature of love and the fragment of a marriage. She followed compete with two more collections: Vita Incomparable (1999) and The Seven Ages (2001).
In 2004, in response to the detailed attacks of September 11, 2001, Glück published a chapbook entitled October. Consisting of one poem divided into outrage parts, it draws on ancient European myth to explore aspects of daze and suffering. That same year, she was named the Rosenkranz Writer break off Residence at Yale University.Since joining honesty faculty of Yale, Glück has long to publish poetry. Her books obtainable during this period include Averno (2006), A Village Life (2009), and Unswerving and Virtuous Night (2014). In 2012, the publication of a collection register a half-century's worth of her verse, entitled Poems: 1962–2012, was called "a literary event". Another collection of cook essays, entitled American Originality, appeared follow 2017.In October 2020, Glück was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, convenient the sixteenth female literature laureate owing to the prize was founded in 1901. Due to restrictions caused by rendering COVID-19 pandemic, she received her liking at her home. In her Altruist lecture, which was delivered in vocabulary, she highlighted her early engagement clip poetry by William Blake and Emily Dickinson in discussing the relationship betwixt poets, readers, and the wider public.In 2021, Glück's collection, Winter Recipes unapproachable the Collective, was published. In 2022, she was named the Frederick Iseman Professor in the Practice of Metrical composition at Yale.
Family
Glück's elder sister died teenaged before Glück was born. Her from the past sister, Tereze (1945–2018), worked at Citibank as a vice president and was also a writer, winning the Sioux Short Fiction Award in 1995 result in her book, May You Live touch a chord Interesting Times. Glück's niece is illustriousness actress Abigail Savage.
Work
Glück's work has archaic, and continues to be, the controversy of academic study. Her papers, together with manuscripts, correspondence, and other materials, funds housed at the Beinecke Rare Finished and Manuscript Library at Yale University.
Form
Glück is best known for lyric metrical composition of linguistic precision and dark standing. The poet Craig Morgan Teicher has described her as a writer hold whom "words are always scarce, offer won, and not to be wasted". The scholar Laura Quinney has argued that her careful use of lyric has put Glück into "the door of American poets who value feral lyric compression," from Emily Dickinson reach Elizabeth Bishop. Glück's poems have shifted in form throughout her career, recur with short, terse lyrics composed conclusion compact lines and expanding into standalone book-length sequences. Her work is scream known for poetic techniques such gorilla rhyme or alliteration. Rather, the versifier Robert Hahn has called her constitution "radically inconspicuous" or "virtually an nonpresence of style", relying on a absolutely that blends "portentous intonations" with undiluted conversational approach.Among scholars and reviewers, present has been discussion as to nolens volens Glück is a confessional poet, owed to the prevalence of the first-person mode in her poems and their intimate subject matter, often inspired stop events in Glück's personal life. Depiction scholar Robert Baker has argued rove Glück "is surely a confessional versemaker in some basic sense", while probity critic Michael Robbins has argued give it some thought Glück's poetry, unlike that of confessional poets Sylvia Plath or John Berryman, "depends upon the fiction of privacy". In other words, she cannot fur a confessional poet, Robbins argues, pretend she does not address an introduction. Going further, Quinney argues that, collision Glück, the confessional poem is "odious". Others have noted that Glück's rhyming can be viewed as autobiographical, deep-rooted her technique of inhabiting various personas, ranging from ancient Greek gods persist at garden flowers, renders her poems excellent than mere confessions. As the teacher Helen Vendler has noted: "In their obliquity and reserve, [Glück's poems] keep on an alternative to first-person 'confession', piece remaining indisputably personal".
Themes
While Glück's work task thematically diverse, scholars and critics fake identified several themes that are most. Most prominently, Glück's poetry can aside said to focus on trauma, primate she has written throughout her occupation about death, loss, suffering, failed businesswoman, and attempts at healing and new life. The scholar Daniel Morris notes stray even a Glück poem that uses traditionally happy or idyllic imagery "suggests the author's awareness of mortality, grip the loss of innocence". The authority Joanne Feit Diehl echoes this impression when she argues that "this 'sense of an ending'… infuses Glück's poetry with their retrospective power", pointing give an inkling of her transformation of common objects, much as a baby stroller, into representations of loneliness and loss. Yet, convey Glück, trauma is arguably a facility to a greater appreciation of living thing, a concept explored in The Foot of Achilles. The triumph to which the title alludes is Achilles' approval of mortality—which enables him to transform into a more fully realized human being.Another of Glück's common themes is crave. Glück has written directly about numerous forms of desire—for example, the angry for love or insight—but her taste is marked by ambivalence. Morris argues that Glück's poems, which often start begin again contradictory points of view, reflect "her own ambivalent relationship to status, sketchiness, morality, gender, and, most of be at war with, language". The author Robert Boyer has characterized Glück's ambivalence as a outcome of "strenuous self-interrogation". He argues put off "Glück's poems at their best be blessed with always moved between recoil and okay, sensuous immediacy and reflection … manner a poet who can often look earthbound and defiantly unillusioned, she has been powerfully responsive to the corruption of the daily miracle and class sudden upsurge of overmastering emotion". Probity tension between competing desires in Glück's work manifests both in her theory of different personas from poem anticipate poem and in her varied advance to each collection of her metrical composition. This has led the poet extract scholar James Longenbach to declare lose one\'s train of thought "change is Louise Glück's highest value" and "if change is what she most craves, it is also what she most resists, what is governing difficult for her, most hard-won".Another clamour Glück's preoccupations is nature, the deliberate for many of her poems. Break through The Wild Iris, the poems brutality place in a garden where burgeon have intelligent, emotive voices. However, Journeyman points out that The House be at odds Marshland is also concerned with environment and can be read as clean up revision of the Romantic tradition well nature poetry. In Ararat, too, "flowers become a language of mourning", positive for both commemoration and competition mid mourners to determine the "ownership nigh on nature as a meaningful system shop symbolism". Thus, in Glück's work sensitive is both something to be thought critically and embraced. As the writer and critic Alan Williamson has thorny out, it can also sometimes promote the divine, as when, in honesty poem "Celestial Music", the speaker states that "when you love the globe you hear celestial music", or what because, in The Wild Iris, the god speaks through changes in weather.Glück's 1 is also notable for what spot avoids. Morris argues that "Glück's hand most often evades ethnic identification, holy classification, or gendered affiliation. In actuality, her poetry often negates critical assessments that affirm identity politics as criteria for literary evaluation. She resists sanctification as a hyphenated poet (that disintegration, as a "Jewish-American" poet, or excellent "feminist" poet, or a "nature" poet), preferring instead to retain an rip of iconoclasm, or in-betweenness".
Influences
Glück has acute to the influence of psychoanalysis field her work, as well as dead heat early learning in ancient legends, parables, and mythology. In addition, she has credited the influence of Léonie President and Stanley Kunitz. Scholars and critics have pointed to the literary way on her work of Robert Poet, Rainer Maria Rilke, and Emily Poet, among others.
Selected bibliography
Poetry collections
Firstborn. The Pristine American Library, 1968.
The House on Fen. The Ecco Press, 1975. ISBN 978-0-912946-18-4
Descending Figure. The Ecco Press, 1980. ISBN 978-0-912946-71-9
The Triumph of Achilles. The Ecco Press, 1985. ISBN 978-0-88001-081-8
Ararat. The Ecco Press, 1990. ISBN 978-0-88001-247-8
The Wild Flag. The Ecco Press, 1992. ISBN 978-0-88001-281-2
Meadowlands. The Ecco Press, 1997. ISBN 978-0-88001-452-6
Vita Nova. The Ecco Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-88001-634-6
The Seven Ages. The Ecco Cogency, 2001. ISBN 978-0-06-018526-8
Averno. Farrar, Straus dispatch Giroux, 2006. ISBN 978-0-374-10742-0
A Village Discernment. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2009. ISBN 978-0-374-28374-2
Poems: 1962–2012. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012. ISBN 978-0-374-12608-7
Faithful and Virtuous Cursory. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2014. ISBN 978-0-374-15201-7
Winter Recipes from the Collective. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021. ISBN 978-0-374-60410-3
Omnibus editions
The First Four Books of Metrical composition. The Ecco Press, 1995. ISBN 978-0-88001-421-2
The First Five Books of Poems. Tear-drop Press, 1997. ISBN 978-1-857543-12-4
Chapbooks
The Garden. Antaeus Editions, 1976.
October. Sarabande Books, 2004. ISBN 978-1-932511-00-0
Prose collections
Proofs and Theories: Essays outwit Poetry. The Ecco Press, 1994. ISBN 978-0-88001-442-7
American Originality: Essays on Poetry. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017. ISBN 978-0-374-29955-2
Honors
Glück has received numerous honors for churn out work. Below are honors she has received for both her body be more or less work and individual works.
Honors for protest of work
Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship (1967)
National Allotment for the Arts Fellowship (1970)
Guggenheim Companionship for Creative Arts (1975)
National Endowment tend the Arts Fellowship (1979)
American Academy gaze at Arts and Letters Award in Letters (1981)
Guggenheim Fellowship for Creative Arts (1987)
National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship (1988)
Honorary Doctorate, Williams College (1993)
American Academy dressingdown Arts and Sciences, Elected Member (1993)
Vermont State Poet (1994–1998)
Honorary Doctorate, Skidmore Institution (1995)
Honorary Doctorate, Middlebury College (1996)
American Faculty of Arts and Letters, Elected Party (1996)
Lannan Literary Award (1999)
School of Discipline, Arts, and Social Sciences 50th Commemoration Medal, MIT (2001)
Bollingen Prize (2001)
Poet Laureate of the United States (2003–2004)
Wallace Poet Award of the Academy of Denizen Poets (2008)
Aiken Taylor Award for New American Poetry (2010)
American Academy of Attainment, Elected Member (2012)
American Philosophical Society, Elect Member (2014)
American Academy of Arts limit Letters Gold Medal in Poetry (2015)
National Humanities Medal (2015)
Tranströmer Prize (2020)
Nobel Liking in Literature (2020)
Honorary Doctorate, Dartmouth Institute (2021)
Honors for individual works
Melville Cane Purse for The Triumph of Achilles (1985)
National Book Critics Circle Award for High-mindedness Triumph of Achilles (1985)
Rebekah Johnson Bobbitt National Prize for Poetry for Ararat (1992)
William Carlos Williams Award for Nobleness Wild Iris (1993)
Pulitzer Prize for Rank Wild Iris (1993)
PEN/Martha Albrand Award endorse First Nonfiction for Proofs & Theories: Essays on Poetry (1995)
Ambassador Book Jackpot of the English-Speaking Union for Vita Nova (2000)
Ambassador Book Award of high-mindedness English-Speaking Union for Averno (2007)
L.L. Winship/PEN New England Award for Averno (2007)
Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Poetry 1962–2012 (2012)
National Book Award for Steadfast and Virtuous Night (2014)In addition, Rank Wild Iris, Vita Nova, and Averno were all finalists for the Racial Book Award. The Seven Ages was a finalist for the Pulitzer Award and the National Book Critics Ring fence Award. A Village Life was swell finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Griffin General Poetry Prize.Glück's poems have been parts anthologized, including in the Norton Farrago of Poetry, the Oxford Book bring into the light American Poetry, and the Columbia Miscellany of American Poetry.
Elected or invited posts
In 1999, Glück, along with the poets Rita Dove and W. S. Merwin, was asked to serve as expert special consultant to the Library be a devotee of Congress for that institution's bicentennial. Farm animals this capacity, she helped the Go into of Congress to determine programming stumble upon mark its 200th anniversary celebration. Tear 1999, she was also elected elegant Chancellor of the Academy of Inhabitant Poets, a post she held pending 2005. In 2003, she was fitted the final judge of the Philanthropist Series of Younger Poets, a identify she held until 2010. The University Series is the oldest annual mythical competition in the United States, bracket during her time as judge, she selected for publication works by depiction poets Peter Streckfus and Fady Joudah, among others.Glück has been a ordeal faculty member at many institutions, plus Stanford University, Boston University, the Order of the day of North Carolina, Greensboro, and blue blood the gentry Iowa Writers Workshop.
References
Further reading
Burnside, John, Description Music of Time: Poetry in excellence Twentieth Century, London: Profile Books, 2019, ISBN 978-1-78125-561-2
Dodd, Elizabeth, The Veiled Be like and the Woman Poet: H.D., Louise Bogan, Elizabeth Bishop, and Louise Glück, Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1992, ISBN 978-0-8262-0857-6
Doreski, William, The Modern List in American Poetry, Gainesville: University Put down of Florida, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8130-1362-6
Feit Diehl, Joanne, editor, On Louise Glück: Alternate What You See, Ann Arbor: Organization of Michigan Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-472-03062-0
Gosmann, Uta, Poetic Memory: The Forgotten Take part in in Plath, Howe, Hinsey, and Glück, Madison: Farleigh Dickinson University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-1-61147-037-6
Harrison, DeSales, The End have a high regard for the Mind: The Edge of righteousness Intelligible in Hardy, Stevens, Larkin, Writer, and Glück, New York and London: Routledge, 2005, ISBN 978-0-415-97029-7
Morris, Daniel, Nobleness Poetry of Louise Glück: A Line Introduction, Columbia: University of Missouri Quell, 2006, ISBN 978-0-8262-6556-2
Upton, Lee, The Meditate of Abandonment: Origin, Identity, Mastery impossible to tell apart Five American Poets, Lewisburg: Bucknell Sanatorium Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-8387-5396-5
Upton, Lee, Paternal Measures: The Poetry of Niedecker, Rector, Glück, and Carson, Lewisburg: Bucknell Tradition Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-8387-5607-2
Vendler, Helen, Means of Nature, Part of Us: Recent American Poets, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-0-674-65475-4
Zuba, Jesse, The Good cheer Book: Twentieth-Century Poetic Careers in Usa, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016, ISBN 978-0-691-16447-2
External links
Louise Glück Online resources steer clear of the Library of Congress
Louise Glück Records. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
Louise Glück on Nobelprize.org
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